(1) Verifiable empirical fact: There are many corroborating sources that reported molten steel in the ruins of the World Trade Center. Another excellent summary of reports, ranging from "cherry red steel" (about 745 degrees C) at a depth of six stories underground that was found six weeks after the attacks, to a steel beam "dripping with the molten steel" to "streams" and "rivers" of molten steel, may be found here at the George Washington blog. The latter includes a link to a New York Times archived article (pay-per-view) stating that Dr. Jonathan Barnett, a professor of fire protection engineering, said that an uncontrollable fire could not explain steel members in the WTC 7 debris pile that appear to have been partly evaporated in extraordinarily high temperatures. The History Bytes blog has yet another first-class summary with a number of named first-hand eyewitness accounts featuring quotes such as "massive amounts of molten steel".
Mark Loizeaux of Controlled Demolition, Inc. of Phoenix, MD., who was involved in the removal of the rubble, was reported as saying that molten steel was found at the basement levels in the ruins of World Trade Center buildings 1, 2 and 7. This was confirmed by journalist William Langewiesche who personally witnessed areas where "steel flowed in molten streams" after "descending deep below street level" (subscribers only link here, but see above George Washington blog for the quotes). As late as February 2002, Bronx firefighter Joe "Toolie" O'Toole saw a crane lift a steel beam vertically from deep within the catacombs of Ground Zero. "It was dripping from the molten steel," he said. Some molten material would have been aluminum, but analysis confirmed significant quantities of iron. Since the existence of molten steel or iron cannot be denied, NIST has even made a (failed) attempt to address the matter in its recently released "FAQ"- scroll down to #13 at this link. Molten steel or iron was also observed pouring from the side of WTC 2 in the minutes prior to its collapse [see pp. 10-16 in the paper at this link].
(2) Consequence of the laws of physics: At most, the mass of steel that could be melted by a hydrocarbon-fuelled office compartment fire would be on the order of lengths of fine steel wire. A stoichiometric combustion of kerosene, generally regarded as dodecane, for example...
C12H26 + 18.5O2 +69.595N2 ===> 12CO2 + 13H2O + 69.595N2 + 7518 kJ
...would have at best the above 7,518 kJ locked into 2.712 kg of combustion products to yield an adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) of some 2,398 K or 2,125 C (it is about 130 K less after including the inevitable endothermic dissociation reactions at these temperatures in order to reach an equilibrium state). At standard temperature and pressure, one mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters; at 2,398 K the volume would have expanded by a factor of 2398/273, i.e. nearly 9 times, to 196.8 liters/mol. The 7.518 MJ is spread amongst 94.595 moles or 18.62 cubic meters of hot gaseous products. At some 0.146 kg/m^3, these are much lighter than air at STP. In order to melt a mere 1 kg of steel that would take up a volume of only 0.127 liters, at least 1 MJ would be required. If 1/7.518 of the enthalpy (heat) in the products was directed at the kilogram of steel, the temperature rise would be reduced from 2,105 K to a little above 1,825 K which would result in a temperature of a little over 1,845 C and still potentially hot enough to melt some steel. But in real-world conditions, flame and upper layer hot gas temperatures are well below the AFT, typically barely reaching 1,000 C and certainly well below the melting point of steel. Heat radiates out in all directions, and would not be concentrated just at some particular 0.127 liter lump of steel. And the jet fuel fires in the WTC would have burnt out within a few minutes. The remaining combustible office material would have released lower quantities of heat per unit mass of fuel, and the AFTs would have been lower. Consequently, flame temperatures would have been lower for a given proportion of heat losses to the surroundings.
Moreover, the oxygen-starved fuel-rich environment of the compartment fire would have reduced the temperature increase and the heat yielded per unit of fuel by a factor of about one-third. And a report, authored by a team of engineers commissioned by Silverstein Properties, concluded that fire temperatures in the WTC were even lower than typical fully-developed office fires. The fires were inhibited by dust and debris distributed by the impacts, and the study placed the temperatures at between 750 F and 1300 F (about 400 C to 700 C). Following collapse, low air exchange rates in the rubble pile would lead to low mass burning rates, poor combustion efficiency and low power output. A few smoldering pieces of wood could not create temperatures capable of melting steel.
If it were possible for hydrocarbon fires to melt significant quantities of steel, then burnt-out cars would regularly be observed consisting primarily of solidified pools of molten steel on the ground, and kerosene heaters would be about as useful as a chocolate teapot!
As for the kinetic energy available from the massive collapse, this is given by:
KE = 0.5*m*v^2
...and if all of this was converted to heat and remained within the material, the temperature increase is given by:
T2 - T1 = 0.5*m*v^2 / (c*m) = 0.5*v^2 / c
where c is the specific heat of the material.
The masses cancel, with the temperature increase determined merely by the velocity and the specific heat. At 200 mph = 89.4 m/s, and taking c for steel as 450 J/kg.K, the increase in temperature is:
0.5 * 89.4^2 / 450 = 8.88 degrees K. (The concrete would be cooler; its specific heat is nearly twice that of steel.)
400,000 tonnes distributed over an area of more than 4,000 square meters averages less than 100 tonnes per square meter. There would not be spots that were so much hotter than the mean that rivers of molten steel were formed. If a couple of trucks collided head-on, tens of tons of mass would be distributed over a cross-section of a few square meters and - in contrast to the WTC collapse - the impact would be very sharply concentrated over tens of milliseconds, yet the steel would not melt as in a scene from a Terminator movie. And a 200 mph terminal velocity corresponds to faster than free-fall speed, which itself would be evidence of controlled demolition.
As for the idea that molten aluminum from a plane might have reacted with water from fire hoses and produced an exothermic reaction and just might have transferred all this heat to steel in the rubble, this theory is not only inapplicable to WTC 7, but fails to work for the towers. If ten tonnes of aluminum was in the form of a cube of volume 3.7 cubic meters and sides of 1.547 meters, the problem for the official theory is that little of it would melt in the fires, due to the relatively low surface area to mass ratio and the relatively low emissivity of aluminum at around 0.1. Alternatively, suppose this ten tonnes had been smashed into 3,700,000 cubes of length 0.01 meters and volume 1 cc. If they happened to be dispersed without lying on top of each other so as to present the maximum surface area for absorption, they might indeed all melt if the fires were sufficiently severe. But even if surrounded by concrete debris, they would not remain molten for more than a matter of minutes.
(3) Conclusion from (1) and (2): The WTC steel was melted by a type of combustion such as a thermite reaction, as opposed to hydrocarbon fires of office combustibles ignited by jet fuel.
(4) Conclusion from (3): WTC 1, 2 and 7 were subjected to controlled demolitions involving pre-installed charges. As corroborating evidence, pre-2001 studies found that the Towers would survive a 600 mph impact from a jetliner, and predicted that the buildings would remain standing even if all of the jet fuel had been dumped inside and ignited a horrendous fire that killed many people.
(5) Verifiable empirical facts: Larry Silverstein and Frank Lowy (both Jewish) took over the WTC lease and $3 to $7 billion insurance policies - and made damned sure the policies covered acts of terrorism - a mere six weeks prior to 9/11. Silverstein had close ties to Ariel Sharon, Ehud Barak, and Benjamin Netanyahu (all Israeli Prime Ministers). Netanyahu used to call Silverstein every Sunday afternoon, New York time, without fail. Lewis Eisenberg (Jewish), chairman of the Port Authority, oversaw negotiations which handed the lease to Silverstein and Lowy. Both Eisenberg and Silverstein held leadership positions with the United Jewish Appeal, a billion-dollar Zionist "charity" organization. Larry Silverstein conveniently had a "dermatologist's appointment" on the morning of 9/11 rather than taking his customary breakfast at the Windows on the World restaurant at the top of the North Tower, thereby avoiding the fate of nearly three thousand WTC occupants. Netanyahu is linked to both 9/11 and the London 7/7 bombings. Israeli and Jewish supremacists and fascists have a long history of terrorism and false flag attacks such as the King David hotel (1946), the Lavon Affair (1954), the USS Liberty (1967), Operation Trojan in Tripoli (1986), Oklahoma City (1995), etc. Rabbi Dov Zakheim (Jewish) "lost" - i.e. embezzled - over $2 trillion during his tenure as Comptroller of the Pentagon in the months leading up to 9/11. From 1997 to 2001 he was CEO of a company that made transceivers for the simultaneous remote control of up to eight aircraft, or the remote takeover of planes already in flight. The first arrests within hours of the 9/11 attacks were the five "dancing Israelis", Mossad agents dressed as Arabs who were found with box cutters, $4,700 cash hidden in a sock, foreign passports, a van which tested positive for traces of explosives, and were seen filming and celebrating the attacks with "high fives" and shouts of joy and mockery. These agents were eventually released by Michael Chertoff (Jewish). The Zim American-Israeli Shipping company (Israeli-owned) inexplicably broke its lease to move out of WTC 1 just days before 9/11, having to pay a $50,000 fine as a result. Within a few months of 9/11, it moved back to New York from Pennsylvania. Odigo (Israeli company) and Goldman Sachs (Israeli company) received advance warnings of the 9/11 attacks. Some of the alleged hijackers, who were said to be devout Muslims, were seen on gambling boats belonging to Jack Abramoff (Jewish).
(6) Conclusion from (4) and (5): The evidence shows that Israel and Judeo-fascists orchestrated 9/11, either working under the Rothschild Mafia or as an out-of-control monster created by the House of Rothschild. They did not merely play a central role, they actually did it! The motive included press-ganging the armed services of other nations into fighting wars as Israel's proxy army on a false prospectus. One target was Israel's overt foe Iraq in a war to the value of hundreds of billions of dollars and a cost to the proxy armies of thousands of lives needlessly sacrificed. As Mahathir Mohamad shrewdly observed in an October 2003 speech shortly before retiring as Malaysia's prime minister, Jews rule the world by proxy, and get others to fight and die for them.
(7) Verifiable empirical facts: Jewish leaders regularly describe non-Jews as equivalent to "grasshoppers", "beasts", "crocodiles", etc. The Jewish Talmud, a hate-filled supremacist tract, states that Jews may kill, rob and lie to non-Jews, sanctions paedophilia, and advocates the genocide of non-Jews.
(8) Conclusion from (6) and (7): Israel and Judeo-fascists are not only guilty of 9/11, they are the only group with a sufficiently perverted morality and lack of conscience and empathy for fellow human beings, that would be capable of perpetrating such a cold-blooded act of mass-murder for profit. Governments could not persuade operatives to mass-murder thousands of their compatriots in controlled skyscraper demolitions. The Bush administration's complicity in crashing a remote-controlled projectile into the Pentagon's west wing, together with Israel's Dolphin-class submarines equipped with nuclear-tipped cruise missiles with a 900-mile range, its various spy-rings' gatherings of secrets with which to blackmail politicians and its control of the mainstream media, provided Israel with the necessary leverage that would force the US authorities to cover for Netanyahu / Zakheim's Pentagon embezzlement and Netanyahu / Zakheim / Silverstein's WTC controlled demolition $3+ billion insurance scam and pretext for perpetual war - a "war on terror". The irony of that will not have been lost on Netanyahu, he was the principal architect of the doctrine of a "war on terror" that in reality was the pretext for state-sponsored terrorism for profit. Just because someone was nominally born as a Jew, it does not mean that they necessarily have an "evil gene" and cannot be their own person. Zionist Occupied Governments (ZOGs) assert without evidence that terrorism is carried out by "Islamic extremists" or "Islamo-fascists". The evidence demonstrates that there exists, within Judaism, a fanatical, evil sect of Judeo-fascists, who are the true terrorists. Those appeasers and accessories who deny the crimes of Israel are part of the problem, not the solution. They should be drummed out of the Truth movement forthwith.
Revised October 22, 2006 / Take Our World Back!
The strong Zionist involvement in 9/11 has been well documented for years. More recently, it has become increasingly apparent that thermate was used to demolish the World Trade Center, and that our so-called "democracies" are actually pathocracies - regimes in which a small pathological minority takes control over a society of normal people. A complete description of the events of 9/11 should reconcile the evidence for Zionist complicity with the theory that psychopaths will rise to positions of power. More